How a Nigerian mill actually sells
Very little of this business happens through a formal tender. A distributor in Kano asks about a quality on WhatsApp, a garment maker in Aba sends a photograph of a fabric he was shown by a competitor, an agent calls on behalf of a school uniform contract in Abuja, and a Lagos Island trader wants to know whether the mill can hold a price until Friday. All four are real enquiries and all four look nothing alike in a spreadsheet.
The price attached to those conversations is not stable either. Landed cost on imported fabric, the cost of the fibre and the exchange rate all move, and a figure quoted on Monday can be uncomfortable by the end of the week. Mills manage this informally, by quoting quickly and hoping the buyer pays quickly, which works until several people are quoting at once.
Payment comes before loading, and that shapes everything
Except for a handful of long-standing accounts, goods move after money does. The rhythm of the sales desk is therefore proforma, transfer, proof of payment sent on WhatsApp, confirmation by accounts, then a loading instruction. Every one of those steps is a place where a deal stalls, and almost none of them are visible to a manager looking at the plant rather than the phone.
Agents sit between the mill and most of the market
Commission agents and appointed distributors bring a large share of the enquiries, and the same buyer is quite capable of appearing through two of them. Unless the originating agent is recorded when the enquiry arrives, the mill ends up settling the question months later with nothing but recollection on either side.