How manufacturing selling works in Ludhiana
A cluster of small units that depend on each other
Ludhiana is a dense small and medium enterprise cluster covering knitwear and hosiery, bicycles and cycle parts, auto components, hand tools and fasteners. Very few units do everything in house. Processes are sent out to specialised job workers, which means a delivery promise made to a buyer is really a promise about a chain of small suppliers you do not control.
The season decides the year in several of these trades
Winter goods are booked and produced long before the season they sell in, and components move in step with the buying cycles of larger assemblers. Order books therefore need to be read by delivery month, not by total value, because a full year can look healthy while one month is badly overcommitted.